Blank | Accessibility
Standards Based Development
oss and other platforms provide a set of interface to expose information about objects and events to ats. ats use the interfaces to gather information and interact with those widgets.
jaapiJava Accessibility api
jaapi allows Java developers to easily create Java applications that are accessible to persons with disabilities. Accessible Java applications are compatible with ats (screen readers, speech recognition systems, and refreshable braille devices.
Accessibility for the Java technology developer, means building the services and support into an application that enable people with disabilities to use the software. Java ats are implemented in the Java Foundation Classes (jfc) and they comprise two separate packages: Java Accessibility api and Java Accessibility Utilities.
Java Access Bridge for Windows makes it possible for a Windows based at to get at and interact with the Java Accessibility api. The Java Accessibility api is implemented in the jfc Project Swing user interface components.
References and Resources
msaa (Microsoft Active Accessibility)
msaa is a COM-based technology that improves the way accessibility aids work with applications running on Windows. It provides dynamic-link libraries that are incorporated into the operating system as well as a COM interface and application programming elements that provide reliable methods for exposing information about user interface elements.
Mac OS X Accessibility Protocol (AXAP)
All Cocoa applications can and should be accessible to users with disabilities. The process of making an application accessible is called access enabling. In Cocoa applications, accessible is achieved by user interface classes adopting the NSAccessibility informal protocol. Because standard Cocoa controls and views automatically adopt the NSAccessibility protocol, there is very little you have to do to access enable your application if you rely only on standard control and view objects.
If your application implements custom controls or views, however, you need to provide additional accessiblity information to make your application completely accessible.
This topic discusses how Cocoa implements accessiblity and describes specific tasks you need to perform to access enable your application..
Gnome Accessibility Toolkit ATK
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IAccessible2 IA2
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When ARIA is added to a document, the browser detects the ARIA attribute and updates the information within its Accessibility API to reflect what the ARIA is supposed to convey. The screen reader then queries the browsers's Accessibility API (per usual), rendering the content in the Virtual Buffer using the updated information. So placing role="button" like so:
<a role="button" href="#">Some Link</a>
the browsers's Accessibility API convey's that the element is a button and the Screen Reader will display the element as a button, which will appear in the Form Field list in JAWS as though it were a form field, and can be navigated using the "b" and "shift+b" commands to jump between buttons on the page.
Note: it's important to understand the above because ARIA only changes the information in the Accessibility API, not the element in the browser itself.
Browser Differences
Accessibility APIs across browsers differ, as does ARIA support within each (YAY!!!). Specifically:
- Windows
- Accessibility API for IE is implemented using MSAA and UIA
- Accessibility API for Firefox is implemented using MSAA and IAccessible2
- Accessibility API for Chrome is implemented using MSAA and IAccessible2
- Mac
- Accessibility API for Safari is implemented using Ax/uIA
- Linux
- Accessibility API is implemented using the Assistive Technology-Service Provider Interface (AT-SP) and IAccessible2
How Browsers Interact with Screen Readers and where ARIA Fits In the Mix
Universal Accessibility
References and Resources
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The Web Accessibility Handbook - A Guide to Best Practices for Achieving Web Accessibility Journal of Accessiblity and Design for All ncma NCMI Centre for Inclusive Technology CFIT's objective is to ensure that ICT-based products and services in Ireland are designed to be accessible to the widest audience, including older people and people with disabilities. CFIT is pronounced "see fit". Open Access book is free 2013 June Accessibil-i T Glossary http://www.plainlanguage.gov/ http://usability.gov/articles/2013/01/accessibility-and-usability.html http://usability.gov/articles/2013/01/accessibility-and-usability.html http://usability.gov/guidelines/index.html Accessible.org is "the people's" NGO (non-governmental organization) where you get REAL help for your disability. As an NGO, we have no government or political affiliations. http://www.accessible.org/" title="Disability Grants and Benefits: Free Help for Disabled People | Accessible.org">Ac Implement WAVE into other tools WAVE can be integrated into many other development tools. Simply program the tool to process http://wave.webaim.org/report?url=YOUR URL HERE. For instance, to add WAVE as an available tool in the Web Developer Toolbar, select Tools, Edit Tools..., Add..., type a short Description, select URL, then enter http://wave.webaim.org/report?url= as the URL. WAVE will now be available on the toolbar - simply select Tools and then your new WAVE item to process the current page in WAVE. https://developer.apple.com/technologies/ios/accessibility.html" title="iOS Accessibility">iOS Accessibility http://docs.blackberry.com/en/developers/deliverables/11936/" title="Developer Guide - Accessibility - BlackBerry Java Application 5.0">BlackBerry Accessibility Developer Guide http://us.blackberry.com/legal/accessibility.html" title="BlackBerry Accessibility"> http://idpf.org/accessibility/guidelines/" title="EPUB 3 Accessibility Guidelines">EPUB 3 Accessibility Guidelines http://www.recreateweb.com.au/blog/ http://www.interactiveaccessibility.com/" title="Interactive Accessibility">Interactive Accessibility http://www.interactiveaccessibility.com/blog http://apps.fcc.gov/accessibilityclearinghouse/" title="Accessibility Clearinghouse">Accessibility Clearinghouse http://accesswireless.org/Home.aspx" title="Access Wireles"> http://blogs.adobe.com/accessibility/" title="Adobe Accessibility Blog">Adobe Accessibility Blog http://www.google.com/accessibility/" title="Google Accessibility">Google Accessibility http://www.nokiaaccessibility.com/" title="Nokia Accessibility">Nokia Accessibility http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/accessibility/index.html" title="Accessibility | Android Developers">Accessibility | Android Developers http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/gg671918" title="Introduction to ARIA">Introduction to ARIA http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/gg671916" title="Accessibility and Legacy Browsers">Accessibility and Legacy Browsers http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/cc307845.aspx" title="Making Custom Controls Accessible">Making Custom Controls Accessible http://ncam.wgbh.org/invent_build/web_multimedia/tools-guidelines a11y va http://www.vats.org/" title="Virginia Assistive Technology System"> http://www.easyaccess.virginia.gov/ http://www.virginianavigator.org/virginianavigator/IndexEasyNav.aspxCommunity
EASI - Equal Access to Software and Information http://people.rit.edu/easi/easisem.htmPretty Sure This is Section 508's Definition
Web-Based Intranet and Internet and Applications (1994.22) are the provisions of the standards provide the requirements that must be followed by Federal agencies when producing web documents. These provisions apply unless doing so would impose an undue burden.
A web site will be in compliance with the 508 standards if it meets paragraphs (a) through (p) of Section 1194.22:
- (a) Text Tags
- (b) Multimedia Presentations
- (c) COlor
- (d) Readability
- (e) Server-Side Image Maps
- (f) Client-Side Image Maps
- (g) '(h) Data Table
- (i) Frames
- (j) Flicker Rate
- (k) Text-Only Alternative
- (l) Scripts
- (m) Applets and Plugins
- (n) Electronic Forms
- (o) Navigation Links
- (p) Time Delays
